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平成30年度
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Evolutionary gain of Dbx1 expression drives subplate identity in the cerebral cortex

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演者 Alessandra Pierani
Center for Psychiatry and Neuroscience imagine institute for rare genetic diseases (Project leader)
会場 東京都医学総合研究所 2階講堂
日時 平成30年5月31日(木)16:00~
世話人 丸山 千秋(神経回路形成プロジェクト 副参事研究員)
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講演要旨

Changes in transcriptional regulation through cis-regulatory elements are thought to drive brain evolution. However, how this impacts on identity of primate cortical neurons is still unresolved. Here, we show that primate-specific cis-regulatory sequences upstream of the Dbx1 gene promote human-like expression in the mouse embryonic cerebral cortex and this imparts cell identity. Indeed, while Dbx1 is expressed in highly restricted cortical progenitors in the mouse ventral pallium, it is maintained in neurons in primates. Phenocopy of the primate-like Dbx1 expression in mouse cortical progenitors induced ectopic Cajal-Retzius and subplate (SP) neurons, which are transient populations playing crucial roles in cortical development. A conditional expression solely in neurons uncoupled mitotic and postmitotic activities of Dbx1 and exclusively promoted a SP-like fate. Our results highlight how transcriptional changes of a single fate determinant in postmitotic cells may contribute to the expansion of neuronal diversity during cortical evolution.

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